Use and efficacy of low-dose ketamine in the management of acute postoperative pain: a review of current techniques and outcomes

Abstract

Ketamine hydrochloride is a well known general anesthetic and short acting analgesic in use for almost 3 decades. The role of the NMDA receptor in the processing of nociceptive input has led naturally to renewed clinical interest in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor …