R (−)-ketamine shows greater potency and longer lasting antidepressant effects than S (+)-ketamine

Abstract

The N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine is one of the most attractive antidepressants for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). Ketamine (or RS (±)-ketamine) is a racemic mixture containing equal parts of R (−)-ketamine and S (+) …